Docker per Sviluppatori PHP: Setup Perfetto per Laravel

Perché Docker?

Docker garantisce che tutti gli sviluppatori lavorino con lo stesso ambiente, eliminando il classico "funziona sul mio computer".

Struttura del Progetto

Organizza i file Docker:

project/
├── docker/
│   ├── nginx/
│   │   └── default.conf
│   ├── php/
│   │   └── Dockerfile
│   └── mysql/
│       └── my.cnf
├── docker-compose.yml
└── .env

Docker Compose

File docker-compose.yml:

version: '3.8'

services:
  app:
    build:
      context: ./docker/php
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    container_name: laravel_app
    restart: unless-stopped
    working_dir: /var/www
    volumes:
      - ./:/var/www
    networks:
      - laravel

  nginx:
    image: nginx:alpine
    container_name: laravel_nginx
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - "80:80"
    volumes:
      - ./:/var/www
      - ./docker/nginx:/etc/nginx/conf.d
    networks:
      - laravel

  mysql:
    image: mysql:8.0
    container_name: laravel_mysql
    restart: unless-stopped
    environment:
      MYSQL_DATABASE: laravel
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: secret
      MYSQL_USER: laravel
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: laravel
    volumes:
      - mysql_data:/var/lib/mysql
      - ./docker/mysql:/etc/mysql/conf.d
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"
    networks:
      - laravel

  redis:
    image: redis:alpine
    container_name: laravel_redis
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - "6379:6379"
    networks:
      - laravel

networks:
  laravel:
    driver: bridge

volumes:
  mysql_data:
    driver: local

PHP Dockerfile

File docker/php/Dockerfile:

FROM php:8.2-fpm

# Install system dependencies
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    git \
    curl \
    libpng-dev \
    libonig-dev \
    libxml2-dev \
    zip \
    unzip

# Clear cache
RUN apt-get clean && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Install PHP extensions
RUN docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql mbstring exif pcntl bcmath gd

# Install Redis extension
RUN pecl install redis && docker-php-ext-enable redis

# Install Composer
COPY --from=composer:latest /usr/bin/composer /usr/bin/composer

# Set working directory
WORKDIR /var/www

# Copy application
COPY . .

# Install dependencies
RUN composer install --no-interaction --optimize-autoloader

# Set permissions
RUN chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www